| Question |
Answer |
| Many of the basic tools of modern oceanography were developed to meet military needs during |
WWII |
| The average mass of dissovled salts in 1000 grams of sea water is |
35 grams |
| These factors would cause salinity to increase |
evaporation and freezing of sea water |
| One cause of water mixing in the mixed layer |
strong winds |
| diatoms are the most abundant kind kind of |
phytoplankton |
| The deep waters of the ocean are |
poor in oxygen and rich in carbon dioxide |
| Today ships use a devise called a precision depth recorder to |
find distance to seafloor |
| The shelf-edge is the boundary between the continental shelf and the |
continental slope |
| Hudson, Monterey and Hatteras are examples of |
submarine canyons |
| The source of most of the material found on the surface of the abyssal plain is |
continental rivers |
| Sinking volcanic islands and developing coral reefs are related to the formation of |
atolls |
| The Challenger Deep is the deepest location in the ocean. It is located in the |
Marianas |
| The mid-Atlantic Ridge is broken into offset pieces at |
fracture zones |
| The Sargasso Sea is |
an area of relatively calm seas in the N. Atlantic |
| The current that would help increase the speed of a ship traveling from the U.S. to the British Isles |
Gulf Stream |
| A countercurrent |
Cromwell |
| Freezing increases the density of sea water because |
salt is left behind when water freezes |
| The cause of turbidity current density is |
mixing with sediment |
| The density currents that originate in the polar regions are primarily caused by |
cooling and freezing |
| Upwelling is important to sea life because it |
brings nutrients to the surface water |
| The direction of rotation o a ring located on the ocean side of the Gulf Stream is conterclockwise. |
False, clockwise |
| The Atlantic ocean extends from the Americas to Europe and Africa |
True |
| When salt is mined from sea water, the energy needed to evaporate the sea water to get the salt comes from electricity. |
False, sunlight |
| Ocean currents that flow in the opposite direction to wind-related currents are counter-currents. |
True |
| The upper parts of submarine canyons are thought to have formed during the Ice Age when sea level was lower than it is today. |
True |
| Zooplankton are microscopic animals. |
True |
| Man, vehicles, using deep-towed vehicles as a base, will soon make it possible for oceanographers to study the seafloor without leaving a surface vessel. |
False, ridges |
| Evaporation and cooling cause the density of sea water to increase. |
True |
| Guyots are thought to be ships that have had their tops sliced off by wave action. |
False, seamounts |
| The water that sinks in the polar regions is the only source of oxygen for the animals of the deep sea. |
True |
| The water layer of rapid temperature change is called the monocline. |
False, thermocline |
| British oceanography laboratory of the 1870's was the HMS Titanic. |
False, HMS Challenger |
| Sediments common in deep ocean trenches are red clays. |
True |
| Glacial-marine sediments are a source of muds. |
True |
| Compared to the average elevation of the continents, the average depth of the ocean is about ________ times greater. |
Four |
| The correct proportion of land above sea level to seafloor is _____ percent land to percent water. |
30 |
| Two factors used to identify a water mass are water temperature and ______. |
Salinity |
| ________ can be economically removed from the sea water. |
Magnesium |
| The mixed layer is thickest at _______ latitudes. |
Middle |
| One method of obtaining a record of seafloor sediment is with a ________ corer. |
Hydrolic-piston |
| Passive continental margins have ______. |
Coastal plains |
| Deep-sea trench _______ found on active continental margins. |
Is |
| Most deep-sea trenches are found in the _____ocean. |
Pacific |
| _______ may change from pebbles at the bottom to fine sand at the top. |
Turbidates |
| ________ and westerlies are most involved in forming ocean currents. |
Trade winds |
| In _______ a seasonal change in wind direction results in a change in the direction of an ocean current. |
India |
| The cause of the Gulf Stream rings is _______. |
eddies |
| The dense fog off Newfoundland occurs when warm, moist air from the Gulf Stream blows over the ________ current. |
Labrador |
| The cause of the density current that flows over the Straight of Gibralter is ________. |
evaporation |
| Compare the food source of a clam that lives in shallow water near the shoreline with the food source of a clam that lives near a black smoker. |
The that lives near the shore depends upon sunlight because it eats phyoplankton that grow in sunlight. The food source for the clam that lives near the black smoker is the bacteria that convert iron sulfide particles into food. |
| How are submarine canyons and graded beds related? Explain your answer. |
Both are the result of Turbidity currents. Submarine canyons are thought to form when turbidity currents carve deep gulleys as they sweep down the continental slopes. Graded beds are deposits made by turbidity currents on the deep sea floor. |
| Compare the general temperature and direction of flow of the current that flows off the east coast of the US with that temperature and direction of flow of the current that flows off the west coast of the US. |
The currents of the east coast of US are warm flowing North. The currents off the west coast are cold flowing south. |